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How to Access Linux Server Using PuTTY SSH Terminal
PuTTY is a free and open-source terminal emulator, serial console, and network file transfer application that supports various network protocols, including SSH. This guide will walk you through the steps to access a Linux server using PuTTY.
1. Prerequisites
Before you start, ensure you have the following:
– A computer running Windows.
– Internet access.
– SSH access to the Linux server (username, password, and IP address or hostname).
2. Download and Install PuTTY
1. Download PuTTY:
– Visit the official PuTTY website: [PuTTY Download Page](https://www.putty.org/).
– Download the appropriate version for your Windows operating system.
2. Install PuTTY:
– Run the installer and follow the installation instructions.
3. Obtain Server Credentials
You will need the following information to connect to your Linux server:
– Hostname or IP address: The address of the Linux server.
– Port: The port number for SSH connections (default is 22).
– Username: Your SSH username.
– Password: Your SSH password (unless using a key-based authentication).
4. Configuring PuTTY
1. Launch PuTTY:
– Open PuTTY from the Start menu or desktop shortcut.
2. Enter the Hostname or IP Address:
– In the “Host Name (or IP address)” field, enter your server’s hostname or IP address.
3. Enter the Port:
– In the “Port” field, enter the SSH port number (default is 22).
4. Connection Type:
– Ensure “SSH” is selected as the connection type.
5. Save the Session (optional):
– In the “Saved Sessions” field, enter a name for this session.
– Click “Save” to save your settings for future use.
5. Connecting to the Linux Server
1. Start the Connection:
– Click “Open” to initiate the connection.
2. Accept the Security Alert:
– If this is your first time connecting to the server, a security alert will appear. Click “Yes” to accept the server’s host key.
3. Log In:
– A terminal window will open, prompting you for your username.
– Enter your username and press Enter.
– Enter your password and press Enter (note that the password won’t be visible as you type).
6. Common SSH Commands
Once logged in, you can use various commands to interact with your server. Here are a few basic commands:
– ls: List directory contents.
– cd [directory]: Change directory.
– pwd: Print working directory.
– cp [source] [destination]: Copy files or directories.
– mv [source] [destination]: Move or rename files or directories.
– rm [file]: Remove files.
– mkdir [directory]: Create a new directory.
– nano [file]: Edit a file using the nano text editor.
7. Troubleshooting
Connection Refused: Ensure SSH is installed and running on the server, and check the firewall settings.
Authentication Failed: Double-check your username and password. Ensure you have the correct permissions.
Network Issues: Verify your network connection and server availability.
By following these steps, you should be able to access your Linux server using PuTTY SSH terminal. This guide provides the foundational steps to establish a connection and start managing your server remotely.